In the face of increasing global population aging, longevity is the eternal pursuit of all kinds of nations of people. Industry experts describe the growing emphasis on longevity as more of an evolution than a revolution.
“How to stay young without surgery?Supplements of Longevity and anti-aging are always popular on the supplement market, what are the most popular ingredients in Longevity supplements in 2023?”
1. NMN
NMN(Nicotinamide mononucleotide),the star of all kinds of anti aging supplement, NMN-containing healthcare products and cosmetics are becoming increasingly popular in North America, Europe and China. The global NMN market was valued at US$253 million in 2020 and is projected to reach US$386 million by the end of 2027.Atually what matters most is NAD+ which is an essential molecule that is involved in myriad critical cell functions.Functions of NAD+:
-Cell growth and repair, metabolism
-DNA repair and survival
-Cellular respiration, which is the biological process by which our cells take glucose and oxygen, and convert them into energy
-Regulation of gene expression, the process by which our genetic information is used to make amino acids and proteins – the very building blocks of life.
Increasing NAD+ levels translate to improved metabolism and cellular activities which can manifest in a variety of health benefits. However, NAD+ can not be taken directly because NAD+ is not absorbed well by the digestive system, nor is it directly taken up by cells. The upshot of this means that NAD+ alone does not make for a particularly good supplement. It is far better to take an NAD+ precursor – one of the key building blocks – so that your body is able to make vital NAD+ and top up those declining levels.
The precursor NMN is an excellent starting point for the vital molecule that facilitates thousands of reactions for cell energy, DNA repair, and stress reduction.
Although NMN is quite hot on the market,you still can not ignore FDA’s restrictions on NMN, NMN may not be sold as a supplement according to the FDA,you may not likely to search out NMN products on amazon,but can be find in some company’s websites as a research supplement use.
So, while we’ll be continuing to keep an eye on future FDA decisions, for the moment, we are still confident that NMN is a supplement that can make a real difference to your NAD+ levels, boosting the amount of the important antiaging molecule and promoting healthspan and healthy aging.
2. Spermidine
Spermidine is quickly becoming a big name on the supplement scene. If taken regularly, the supplement can significantly impact health and lifespan.
What is Spermidine?
Spermidine is a natural polyamine that is present in all living organisms and plays a vital role in maintaining cell homeostasis. This chemical affects many biological processes, including cell growth and proliferation, tissue regeneration, DNA and RNA stabilization, enzyme regulation, and translational regulation, among others. In essence, spermidine is a powerful chemical that promotes growth, regeneration and regulation in our bodies. These processes are crucial for longevity. Spermidine is also said to help slow aging in other organisms. Spermidine and autophagy are closely related. Since the main function of autophagy is to eliminate unhelpful properties in the cell structure, spermidine contributes greatly to keeping the best compounds in the cell.
How does it work?
Study show that spermidine induces autophagy, the process of cellular rejuvenation, through the TOR kinase pathway. Autophagy occurs naturally in cells as it regulates cellular metabolism. Autophagy also balances nutrients during cell stress so can be can be accelerated by fasting or by caloric restriction mimetics (CRMs) like spermidine that mimic fasting’s effects on the body.
During autophagy, cells reuse their old or damaged organelles to achieve cellular renewal and its antiaging benefits. Indeed, autophagy is thought to limit inflammation and oxidative stress, the main culprits involved in aging and related diseases.
How does spermidine affect aging?
First of all, cell senescence is the damage of the cell itself, when the cell damage reaches the degree of irreparable, the cell will use the lysosome to swallow the damaged part, and this process is called autophagy. The autophagy of spermidine is the recycling and redecomposition of cellular waste and protein waste into amino acids, fatty acids, sugars and nucleotides. The "anti-aging" effect corresponding to autophagy is reflected in this process. Aging cells are due to the decline in autophagy efficiency, resulting in a mountain of cellular waste, which leads to cell damage, a vicious cycle, and various characteristics of aging. In the worst cases, senescent cells can even become so-called "zombie cells," which not only cause problems themselves, but also release toxins into surrounding cells, affecting normal young cells around them.
our natural spermidine levels gradually decline with age,although we can get from natural food as vegetables,soybean products,cereals,a variety of cheese, the most effective way to attenuate declining spermidine levels is by taking longevity supplements.
3. Urolithin A
Urolithin A is a metabolite compound resulting from the transformation of ellagitannins by the gut bacteria. It belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzo-coumarins or dibenzo-α-pyrones.
Benefits of Urolixin A
1. Antibacterial effect: Urolithin A can kill a variety of bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and other common pathogens. It plays an antibacterial role by destroying bacterial cell membranes and inhibiting bacterial enzyme activity.
2. Antiviral effect: urolixin A can inhibit the replication and infection of many viruses, including hepatitis B virus, HIV virus and so on. Urolixin A has been shown to damage the outer membrane of the virus, preventing it from entering the host cell and replicating.
3. Antifungal effect: Urolixin A also has antibacterial effect on a variety of fungi, such as Candida albicans, cryptococcus and so on. It inhibits the growth and reproduction of fungi by destroying their cell membranes, inhibiting their enzyme activity and blocking DNA replication.
4. Antitumor effect: Urolixin A can induce tumor cell apoptosis (cell self-death), thus inhibiting tumor growth and spread. In addition, urolixin A can also regulate tumor-related signaling pathways and inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells.
5. Anti-inflammatory effect: Urolixin A can reduce inflammatory response, inhibit the activation of inflammatory cells and the release of inflammatory factors. This is mainly achieved by participating in the regulation of inflammation-related signaling pathways and inhibiting the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines.
6. Promote wound healing: Urolixin A can promote wound repair and healing, accelerate the proliferation and migration of skin epithelial cells, promote collagen synthesis and fibrosis.
7. Immunomodulatory effects: Urolixin A can enhance the function of the immune system, regulate the activity of immune cells and increase the production of antibodies. Studies have shown that it can regulate the function of T cells and promote chemotaxis and phagocytosis of immune cells.
One the key benefits of urolithin A is boosted cellular energy in the mitochondria.What’s the meaning of this?
Mitochondrial function declines with age, impairing the mitochondria’s ability to produce enough energy. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the nine ‘hallmarks of aging’ that cause cellular and molecular damage to the body that can lead to age-related illness. Known as an antagonistic hallmark, mitochondrial dysfunction can cause loss of muscle strength, which many people experience from their 40s onwards.
Therefore, urolithin A supplements could be an effective and accessible tool to improve health and longevity in older people. Considering that the aging population is growing exponentially, with projected figures predicting that there will be 1 billion people aged over 65 by 2030, longevity supplements like urolithin A are worth taking seriously.
4. PQQ
PQQ supplements are claimed to increase energy levels, mental focus, and longevity, it is also called methoxatin, is a vitamin-like compound that exists naturally in soil and a variety of foods, including spinach, kiwi, soybeans, and human breastmilk.
PQQ’s exact function in humans remains somewhat undetermined, but it’s renowned for its potent antioxidant effects. It’s also thought to be involved in a variety of cellular processes, including protecting nerve cells against damage. What’s more, PQQ supports proper mitochondrial function and the cellular development of new mitochondria, though its exact mechanisms are still unclear,this part if quite similar to urolithin A.
What are the benefits of PQQ?
1、 Support mitochondrial function
Mitochondria are the "energy production factories" in cells. Almost all the energy you use to keep your body running comes from these tiny organelles. As we age, the number of healthy mitochondria in the body decreases. According to several studies, PQQ helps cells produce more mitochondria. While human studies are limited, at least one clinical trial has found that PQQ supplementation boosts mitochondrial function.
2、Protect brain health
Not long ago, scientists generally believed that damaged neurons (nerve cells) could not repair themselves. Eventually, the researchers discovered nerve growth factor (NGF) - a small protein that protects existing neurons and encourages the growth of new ones. It turns out that PQQ molecules can stimulate the production of normal levels of nerve growth factor, thereby protecting nerve cells and supporting healthy growth of nerve cells. In a preliminary study, PQQ protected brain cells from damage when exposed to toxins, in other words, PQQ may have a "neuroprotective effect," meaning that it helps protect healthy brain cells.
3、Improve learning and memory
As we age, our brains become more vulnerable to damage from harmful free radicals in the environment. This can affect attention span, learning ability and memory. If you are exposed to some type of oxidative stress (usually caused by free radical damage) before taking PQQ, it may improve memory and reduce damage to cells. If you find yourself getting forgetful, PQQ may help. When a group of older adults took PQQ supplements daily for 12 weeks, the results were promising. Participants reported improvements in their attention and memory skills.
4、Liver protection
PQQ protects the liver against liver damage induced by alcohol and carbon tetrachloride and liver fibrosis induced by TAA.
5、 Reduce oxidative stress
Oxidative stress refers to the imbalance between the harmful free radicals that enter the body from the outside environment and the antioxidants that clear them
In the elderly, oxidative stress can lead to poor health, chronic swelling and weakness of the body. PQQ is an antioxidant that increases the body's resistance to oxidative stress. This is encouraging news - by reducing oxidative stress in the body, PQQ can allow you to live a longer, healthier life - aging gracefully.
6、 Improve sleep
Tired of counting sheep? If you have trouble falling and staying asleep, PQQ can bring more peaceful nights. People with daytime fatigue and sleep problems took PQQ supplements for 8 weeks. They reported significant improvements in how long they slept, how long it took them to fall asleep, and how awake they were in the morning. As we continue to explore exactly how PQQ improves sleep, researchers believe it can promote normal levels of cortisol (the stress hormone) in the body, improve sleep quality, and make people happier.
5.NAD+
NAD+ is a coenzyme, or molecule, found in all living cells, and it plays a vital role in energy metabolism and maintaining normal cell function. It is especially important for the function of our mitochondria, the power plants in our cells that convert our food and oxygen into energy. The problem is that as we age, levels of NAD+ in our bodies decrease significantly (which can impair mitochondrial function, among other things), and these decreased levels drive the aging process. This makes sense when you consider that poorly performing or damaged mitochondria are thought to contribute to a number of age-related health conditions.
Why should we care about NAD+
Since the discovery of NAD+ in 1906, this molecule has been of interest to scientists because it is abundant in the body and plays a vital role in the molecular pathways that keep our bodies running. In animal studies, raising NAD+ levels in the body has shown promising results in areas of research such as metabolism and age-related diseases, and has even shown some anti-aging properties. Age-related diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, and a general decline in the immune system.
6.Resveratrol
Resveratrol is a polyphenolic bioflavonoid antioxidant produced by certain plants and found in foods and drinks known to slow aging. Resveratrol is classified as phytoestrogens because of its ability to interact with estrogen receptors in a positive way. Plants that produce resveratrol and other types of antioxidants actually do so partly as a protective mechanism and in response to environmental stresses, including radiation, the presence of insects or other predators, injuries, and fungal infections.
How does resveratrol work？
In addition to its other positive effects on hormone production, blood circulation, and fat storage, resveratrol may also improve inflammation in the body. In particular, it appears to work in a number of ways: it limits the body's ability to produce sphingosine kinase and phospholipase D, two molecules known to trigger inflammation. Studies have shown that resveratrol inhibits the expression and activity of cyclooxygenase, which is associated with inflammatory responses that damage tissues throughout the body. While the body naturally produces inflammation as a means of treating and protecting itself, for example against bacteria and viruses as part of the immune system, a chronic or persistent state of inflammation is not a healthy state. It ages the body and increases the risk of almost every disease.
Benefits of Resveratrol
1、anti-aging
In 2003, Harvard University professor David Sinclair and his team found that resveratrol can activate acetylase and increase the life of yeast, which triggered the upsurge of anti-aging research on resveratrol. Howitz et al. found that resveratrol can be used as the strongest activator of silent information regulation 2 homolog1 (SIRT1), which can simulate calorie restriction (CR) anti-aging reaction. Involved in the regulation of the mean life span of organic organisms. As a strong inducer of SIRT1, CR can increase the expression of SIRT1 in brain, heart, intestine, kidney, muscle, fat and other organs and tissues. CR can cause physiological changes to delay aging and prolong life, the most significant of which can be extended by 50%. Studies have shown that resveratrol can extend the life of yeast, nematodes, fruit flies and lower fish.
2、Anti-tumor, anti-cancer
Resveratrol has significant inhibitory effect on hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, leukemia and other tumor cells. Some scholars have confirmed that resveratrol has obvious inhibitory effect on melanoma cells by MTT method and flow cytometry.
3、 Protect cardiovascular health
Due to its anti-inflammatory activity resveratrol has been shown to prevent atherosclerosis (thickening of the arteries that blocks blood flow), LDL "bad cholesterol", the formation of blood clots and myocardial infarction. Eating more has also been shown to help improve circulation, which is good for glucose and lipid metabolism in people at high risk of metabolic syndrome.
4、 Helps protect the brain and cognitive/mental health
Unlike other antioxidants, resveratrol is unique in that its antioxidants can cross the blood-brain barrier and protect the brain and nervous system. A recent study by researchers at the Nutrition Research Center at Northunbria University in the UK showed that resveratrol significantly increased blood flow to the brain, This suggests that it has considerable benefits for healthy brain function and neuroprotective effects. This means that eating more can enhance the prevention of cognitive/psychiatric problems, including Alzheimer's, dementia, and other diseases. Other findings, such as those published in the Journal of Agri-Food Chemistry, suggest that even a single transfusion of resveratrol can have a neuroprotective effect on the loss and damage of neurons in the brain. This is due to the effect of resveratrol increased free radical clearance and elevated cerebral blood.
Although the biological activity of resveratrol has been basically recognized worldwide, there are still many problems in the research and development process of resveratrol products.
7、CoQ10
Coenzymes are small organic molecules that can transfer chemical groups from one enzyme to another. They are loosely bound to enzymes and are necessary for the activity of specific enzymes. Many vitamins and their derivatives, such as thiamine and folate, are coenzymes. These compounds cannot be synthesized by the body and must be supplemented through the diet. Different coenzymes can carry different chemical groups: NAD+ or NADP+ can carry reducing hydrogen, Coenzyme A can carry acetyl, folate can carry formyl, and S-adenylyl methionine can also carry formyl.
Benefits of CoQ10
1、Promote heart health
Coq10 supplements support a healthy cardiovascular system. It helps protect cells from oxidative stress, which in turn helps maintain the integrity of heart muscle cells. The heart has one of the highest energy requirements of any organ. Coq10 helps suppress inflammation, promotes heart health, and supports the powerhouse of heart cell mitochondria. 2、Promote heart health
Coq10 supplements support a healthy cardiovascular system. It helps protect cells from oxidative stress, which in turn helps maintain the integrity of heart muscle cells. The heart has one of the highest energy requirements of any organ. Coq10 helps suppress inflammation, promotes heart health, and supports the powerhouse of heart cell mitochondria.
3、Support brain health
Your brain is one of your high-energy organs, along with your heart, kidneys, and liver. This means that it requires a lot of energy (produced by the mitochondria) to function optimally - hence, you'll find coQ10 concentrated in your mind. This high energy requirement means that your brain has a high fatty acid content and a high oxygen requirement, making it vulnerable to oxidative damage. One study in older adults found that coQ10 levels were associated with cognitive function. Coq10 supplements can help your body counteract the deficiency of this important nutrient that comes with age.
4、Promotes a healthy metabolism
Let's say you have specific goals, such as maintaining the health of your skin, heart, and brain as you age, or losing excess weight that seems to increase every year as you get older. In this case, you must support your metabolism. Supplementing with CoQ10 promotes healthy cellular energy mitochondrial function, which every cell in your body needs to keep your metabolism at its best.